Just the other day when I was on the train, I heard someone’s phone ring with the familiar Nokia ringtone. My first thought was to wonder why so many people leave what is in effect a free advertisement for their handset manufacturer as the ring signal on their phones. My mind then went on to consider the tune itself: 13 notes, I counted. How does anyone go about writing that sort of short jingle, so that it’s unique, catchy and easily identifiable? Whoever they hired to write it must feel rather pleased with himself.

This evening I was listening to David Mellor’s show on Classic FM in which he explored Spanish music, and coincidentally he mentioned the Nokia ringtone. It turns out that it’s actually a phrase from Gran Vals, a guitar solo by Francisco Tárrega, written in 1902. Of course, Wikipedia already knew this, and unsurprisingly, there are lots of videos of people playing the piece on Youtube. Early Nokia phones even apparently referred to this tune as Grande Valse

Perhaps in future I won’t look down on the Nokia tune as purely the product of corporate vanity. The sad thing is, as he died in 1909, Tárrega won’t have made a penny out of having his music played billions of times per day. However, he does have the distinction of being the most played composer in the world, even if most people have never heard of him.

A balance has to be struck when it comes to preventing under-25s from driving, that’s true. Denying someone the ability to drive would cause them severe difficulties due to the terrible state of public transport in many parts of the country, and due to many employers still establishing themselves in locations inaccessible without a car (even public sector employers – but that’s going too far off topic).

However, drinking is not essential, it’s as simple as that. It’s not at all necessary or important. So why should some “right” to drink be put before the safety of other people? Try telling the bereaved relatives of innocent people killed by drink drivers that you’d put the driver’s right to have a drink before the dead relative’s life.

One respondent to a BBC “Have your say” on the same issue claimed that drink drivers only ever kill or injure themselves. In about half a minute, I found a number of articles from the last few years on the BBC website alone about innocent people who had been killed, and the torment their loved ones were going through, while in many cases the drink driver had escaped serious injury. I don’t feel the need to reproduce those links here, but it’s worth bearing in mind that many of the 168 lives saved would not be drink drivers themselves.

Despite supporting a reduction in the limit, I do have one reservation about the proposed 50mg/100ml level. Unfortunately, I feel it’s a view also being pushed by people who simply want the limit to stay as it is so that people can drink as at present, but putting that aside for the moment, it might have some merit. It is that reducing the limit will reduce people’s respect for the law, making it more widely ignored than at present. People will be confused about whether it’s OK to have a drink or not. Given that, perhaps an effectively zero limit is more appropriate (surely not actually zero due to alcohol content of medicines, and those naturally occurring in the body). That way it would send out an unambiguous and clear message, which is what the police still recommend, and was subject to an advertising campaign a few years ago: “None for the road”.

Alternatively, if the limit stays where it is, there should be much stricter penalties and enforcement. Police should have the power to randomly breath-test drivers, and anyone convicted of drink-driving should face a short prison sentence (a shock for otherwise law-abiding citizens, without being too much of a burden on the prisons) and lose their licence for a long time (5 years+) if not indefinitely, and should also face an automatic extended driving test if they are allowed to drive again.

There is often a view expressed in the media that drink driving is now socially unacceptable, yet I’m not sure it is to the extent claimed. While most people if asked would say drink driving in wrong, when it comes to the evening, and they are the ones enjoying a few drinks, I have found on a number of occasions otherwise perfectly decent, professional, middle-class people suggesting it is OK “just this once” because it’s a “special occasion” and they aren’t driving far. They still seem to consider drink-driving something a small number of alcoholics do, not something they could ever do. The change in attitudes still has some way to go, and a change in the law of one sort or another could be just what is needed.

David Laws, a treasury minister, claimed £40,000 in rent for a second home which he was actually paying to his partner. What I find slightly bizarre is that he claims, “My motivation throughout has not been to maximise profit but to simply protect our privacy and my wish not to reveal my sexuality.” Why, in that case, did he use taxpayers’ money to rent a room from his secret lover, an expenses claim that would then be on record and subject to scrutiny? Had wealthy former-banker Mr Laws not used public money, he would have had every right to keep his private life secret, and it would be no-one’s business how much rent if any he was paying to the man whose home he shared.

We can’t have a situation where politicians can use the excuse of keeping their private life private in order to avoid scrutiny of their expenses claims. If we did, they could make all sorts of unacceptable claims for their partners of either gender. Entitled to keep their private lives private, yes. Entitled to keep details of what our money is being used for secret, no.

Laws also states (contradicting his other statement that he wanted to keep his relationship private) that he never considered he and Mr Lundie to be partners as they don’t have shared bank accounts and have separate social lives. I’m sure that’s no different from many married couples in the 21st century. If he’d been living with a woman for five years when the new rules came into effect in 2006, I doubt there would have been much question about whether they were “partners”, so what happened to equality irrespective of sexuality?

Finally, I have to pick up on Lembit Opik’s comment:

I think this is a national tragedy, not least because it suggests that – on matters which are nothing to do with a person’s personal competence to do a job – they can still be pushed out of Parliament.

Who is he referring to? Himself? David Laws has been pushed out of Government, not Parliament: he’s still an MP. Opik himself was pushed out of Parliament in an exceptionally large swing from the Lib Dems, presumably because of his antics, for example appearing on TV quiz shows and dating a Romanian singer 17 years his junior. So that sounds like sour grapes to me. I wouldn’t say the scandal has nothing to do with Laws’s competence to do the job. Ministers require a high standard of integrity, and £40,000 is up there with duck house MP Sir Peter Viggers’s dodgy claims. I’m afraid I don’t really think sending David Laws to the Back Benches is much of a tragedy.

Facebook fans will be quick to point out that the site allows users a lot of control over who sees what on their profile. Well, I’m not certain it’s possible to hide your list of “friends” from other “friends”, which would be a requirement. But even if you could do that today, there’s no guarantee that Facebook wouldn’t change something tomorrow that suddenly revealed the full list of “friends”, and all sorts of other private details too. They have a track record of doing so, for example last December and in September 2007, just two instances of when changes to the site meant that people were suddenly revealing more than they bargained for. And the trouble with having such complex privacy settings is that it’s very difficult to figure out exactly who can see what – often, the only way to do this thoroughly would be to create several test accounts and try out various combinations of privacy settings and mutual “friendship”.

It isn’t just a list of contacts that’s at risk either. Dates of birth and family names can give fraudsters enough information to access a bank account. Status updates saying when you are on holiday can be useful to burglars. People may also upload content such as photos to their Facebook page in the belief that only their “friends” can view them. However, in many cases, if one of their “friends” comments on the photo, the comment appears on the “friend’s” “wall”, and if their wall is publicly visible, anyone can click on the link that says, “John has commented on James’s photo” and view the photo, and from there can view the entire album to which the photo belongs! In this way, many of a person’s “private” photos are actually publicly visible, and they have little control over it, as it depends on their “friend’s” privacy settings.

The social networking privacy site Social Hacking has an article containing a Javascript bookmarklet that allows people to see all of a Facebook user’s albums that are visible in this way, so there’s no need to search through the wall history of all their “friends”. As the author says, this in no way circumvents the privacy settings, it simply makes it more convenient to see photos that are already available. There may well be a method to protect albums from this, but a quick look at a some random profiles shows that few people use it. And even if everyone tightened up their privacy settings to prevent their photos being leaked, the next time Facebook decides to change the way privacy settings work, who knows which photos will be visible again?

Ultimately, Facebook is a proprietary site controlled by one company. It goes against the whole open principle of the world wide web. Why must people put something “on Facebook” rather than “on the web”? As it is a social network, Facebook coerces people into using the site because it’s the only way to see their friends’ updates if that happens to be what their friends are using (no quotes around “friends” this time as, in this instance, it refers to real friends!). If people hosted their own blogs, and kept their photos on their own website, they could be sure of controlling who was seeing what – and who would be able to see it in a month’s time. And if people published RSS feeds, rather than Facebook updates, their friends could use any reader to view them, not be tied to one website. Facebook could easily become the next Microsoft, but worse, as it is people’s privacy at stake instead of their pockets.

If you value your privacy – or your freedom to use an open internet as we currently know it – don’t use Facebook. Direct your contacts to your website where you can show them exactly the information you want to.

But at £1 per day – the current price of the printed daily – how many people are going to pay to access the website? Wouldn’t they rather just buy the newspaper if they want to read it in depth? On the other hand, many of the visitors to the site will be browsers who just dip in for a few minutes, or people following a link to a particular article. Are they going to pay a pound just for that? Somehow I doubt it. I remain to be convinced of the case for charging for online content, but if charging is deemed necessary, surely this should be though micro-payments: small payments that are charged for each page view. That way, people can still browse the site casually, and the publishers benefit from receiving a small amount of money from a large number of visitors, while still retaining a large reader base and disseminating their editorial line further.

Why does Rupert Murdoch sell newspapers? Is it to make money, or is it to gain influence? Even the printed edition of The Times is loss making, and is cross-subsidised from other publications such as The Sun. If money making was the object, surely closing the paper would be the answer. I’ve always assumed that Murdoch’s aim is political influence, in which case drastically cutting the number of visitors to the newspaper’s website does not seem to be a good idea.

The sad thing about any restrictions placed on online content is that it limits the ways in which it can be accessed. News International have already accused Google of stealing their content. Yet Google News is a fantastic service in the way it allows readers to find the same story in different publications to see what is being said about it in different countries or in journals with a different political bent. The BBC similarly link to articles covering a story on different news sites. People from all corners of the globe still respect The Times and consider it the definitive British newspaper. But for how much longer if they can no longer access it freely? And as with the “legal” sites for downloading music and video content, charging for online news is a huge step backwards in the efforts to remove borders between nations and make different countries a little less insular. It will also seem a little odd if I am able to read a story about British politics for free in the Taipei Times or the India Times but not in The Times of London.

The BBC had an interesting table of statistics in their article, and I’ve reproduced the figures for the four main broadsheets here:

The table shows that all of the newspapers have seen a drop in readers of their print editions, but all except The Times have seen rises in the number of online readers. The Guardian, whose editor has vowed not to charge for online content, has seen a huge increase in online readers. Whatever the exact reason for the figures, it shows that most of the publishers have been quite successful at encouraging people to visit their websites, whereas The Times is losing readers of both its formats. Perhaps policies such as restricting how much content can appear in Google have had a detrimental effect. It does give an indication as to what will happen to reader numbers once charging is introduced.

But maybe the reason for the drop in readers of The Times is that people are tired of the newspaper’s style and political slant, and of the Murdoch editorial line. The newspaper is no longer the revered publication it once was. It seems people simply don’t want to read it any more, and forcing them to pay extra for the privilege certainly isn’t going to improve readership figures.

I should start by saying that Cox does make some good points. The shortfall in STFC funding is around £50 million, which is a drop in the ocean when you consider the billions being pumped into banks and other government spending. Science is always underfunded, and the answer to many of the problems facing it would be to increase spending. This would be a good long-term investment, but unfortunately politicians tend to look no longer-term than the next election. Science may have done seemingly well under Cox’s chum Tony Blair, but then it had been greatly underfunded for many years before he took office, so things could only get better, to coin a phrase.

Unfortunately, Cox seems to think that spending money on Diamond and ISIS is simply “maintenance of facilities”, whereas spending money on telescopes, space exploration and particle accelerators such as CERN is “physics”. In fact, a lot of very good science comes out of Diamond and ISIS. They support academic users from universities across the UK in a wide range of disciplines. New applicants are encouraged, so use of synchrotron light and neutrons isn’t restricted to a small number of established, large research groups.

Cox talks of inspiring science and the exploration of knowledge for the sake of knowledge. This is a noble desire, and he is right that there must always be a place for this in science. However, this sits uneasily with his statement about national interest, and the importance of physics because it contributes 6.4% to the GDP. If we must analyse which fields contribute most towards our GDP, I’m afraid it isn’t likely to be particle physics. The PR team at CERN are good at promoting their activities in the media; however, even if they succeed in detecting the elusive Higgs boson, it can never be used for anything, as it can’t be produced anywhere else, unless you happen to have £5 billion lying around and a spare 27 km tunnel. Given the huge cost of the LHC, this really is exploration of knowledge for the sake of knowledge and some. Hardly can an article about CERN be published on a news site such as the BBC without a mention of the fact that the world-wide web was invented there, yet this isn’t exactly their core activity, or what the money goes into. That this was the most commercially successful project to come out of the facility says something about particle physics’s potential to generate wealth. Cox himself has spoken of the need to fund science to combat climate change, improve energy security and fight pandemic disease – all things that Diamond and ISIS and their users are working towards, but problems that are only likely to be solved at CERN if the next Tim Berners-Lee happens to be given the task of powering the site’s vehicles on an alternate fuel.

In a slight change of tack, Cox then suggests a more tenuous contribution of astronomy and particle physics towards this 6.4% GDP. He claims that students only take up physics because they want to “explore the early universe, be part of missions to other worlds or delve deep into the heart of the atomic nucleus”. A decade or so ago, figures might have agreed with that assertion. When I was starting out on an undergraduate physics course, most people chose to combine it with study in one of those areas, with degree titles such as “Physics with Astrophysics” or “Physics with Space Science”. Few of us took what we informally referred to as Straight Physics (not that we were implying anything about the astronomers, you understand). However, times have changed and the situation is now reversed. The intake of physics students now tends to contain a smaller number who are specialising in space or astronomy, with the majority taking the straight Physics degree. That degree will be an ideal starting point for a career exploring materials for use in building safe nuclear power stations or in hydrogen storage, or for working at the physics–biology interface. It’s hardly surprising that incoming undergraduates would mention particle physics or astronomy as their inspiration, as those are the only separate fields that A-level students are likely to be aware of, and they have to say something other than “physics” or “wanting to know how things work”. What actually inspires them is all the stuff they don’t yet know the name of.

The prioritisation of funding within STFC can hardly be described as undemocratic. There was a wide consultation exercise in which scientists were asked for their views, then the decision was taken by people other than the scientists who would be affected by it. Brian Cox is the one who describes his “personal interactions” with former science minister Ian Pearson: something most scientists who are rather less in the media spotlight couldn’t have dreamed of. Yet all those other scientists across all STFC-funded fields had their views heard before the list of priorities was made. It was Tony Blair and Lord Sainsbury, who Cox is such as fan of (I should point out that Sainsbury, while generally regarded as a good science minister was not an aficionado either – in fact, as many people will realise, he was a grocer) who originally gave the go-ahead for Diamond, and now Diamond and ISIS’s second target station are built, they have to have enough money to operate. They have seen cuts in their operations budgets too, so it’s only fair that the cuts are shared with other large scientific facilities.

Cox finishes his article by asking for the extra £50m to make up the shortfall. I’d be happy to stand with him on that, but I fear wishing for that amount of money is what could be described as a pipe-d:ream. I wish science funding could become an election issue, but can’t see that happening as none of the major parties is likely to propose a significant increase. Science just doesn’t fit into a convenient five-year cycle. This time, the funding situation is likely to get worse before it gets better, and it will have to be left up to the whole of the scientific community to decide which of the large facilities should be prioritised in order to protect our national interest.

The views expressed in this article are my own and do not necessarily reflect those of my employer.

My photos from Hangzhou and Shanghai are finally online! It’s taken me five months to upload just 72 photos, but as usual they are labelled with extensively researched captions…

The re-upgrading of cannabis to Class B is said to be the first time since the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs was established in 1971 that the government have gone against the council’s advice. I can only say that those advisers have been extremely fortunate, then. Most scientific advisers to governments can certainly expect the government to go against a sizable proportion of their recommendations. Just imagine if governments around the world took all of the steps experts on climate change suggested: the world would certainly be in a much better state than it’s in now. It seems the drugs advisers were so used to getting their way that are now having a bit of a tantrum because the government has said no.

So why can’t the government simply follow the advice of its scientific advisers? It’s because the decisions have implications that go beyond science. In the case of drugs, there may be a particular substance that is causing problems because of its widespread use, even if that particular substance happens to be less harmful than other drugs. In the case of climate change, it’s because of the effect on the economy of shutting down industry and all transport for a start.

If the amount of harm is to be the only measure used in classification, as Professor Nutt (his real name) would have it, there are surely plenty of household chemicals that cause much more harm than any other drugs – if they were to be ingested. So shouldn’t those chemicals be Class A drugs? Of course they are not, because there is no problem of people abusing them. Equally, it may be a good idea to target a drug that is more widespread as it’s more important to discourage people from using it.

Professor Nutt then goes on to criticise the “artificial separation” of alcohol and tobacco from other drugs. I would agree with him that in a system that classifies drugs according to the amount of harm they can cause, those two drugs should be at least Class B. However, it is not currently possible to make use of those drugs illegal for various social and political reasons, even if some of us would be quite happy if it were to happen.

Clearly a system of classification that only considers the harm that each drug can make in a cold, clinical sense, is not the best way to determine penalties for the use of drugs. Many other factors need to be taken into account, and the final decision on policy has to be made by elected representatives. Professor Nutt overstepped the mark – even former chief scientific adviser Sir David King says so – and so had to go. If he disagreed with government policy so much, he should have done the honourable thing and resigned, rather than attacking the government while continuing to work for it. With such a high success rate of having his recommendations acted upon, perhaps he could consider a new role advising the government on climate change – assuming he can avoid producing too much hot air.

I came as little surprise to discover on the programme that Griffin is racist, admires Hitler, denies the Holocaust, is friends with Ku Klux Klan members, is Islamophobic, etc. But what people may not have realised, and which was revealed so spectacularly on the programme, is what a political lightweight he is. He was completely out of his depth, his arguments were feeble. He exhibited all the signs of someone who is nervous and unused to speaking in public, with the way he smirked and laughed nervously throughout and how he attacked Jack Straw right at the beginning, when the debate had barely even begun. Racists and bigots will always vote for parties such as the BNP, that’s a fact. However, the party’s recent gains have been due to them presenting themselves as a respectable party with a range of policies on different subjects. Hopefully people who may have been temped to vote for them will now realise that there is no depth to the party at all, nothing behind the racist venir. No policies, just prejudice.

Realising that the programme was a disaster for his party, Nick Griffin is now complaining about the make-up of the studio audience, and the questions that were put to him, claiming that it was “not a genuine Question Time”. I don’t think his claim is valid at all. A few members of the audience did clap following Griffin’s contributions, and a couple of those who spoke voiced opinions at least partially similar to his own. This reflects the population as a whole, where only a small minority agree with the BNP’s views. Certainly, if the programme had been recorded in Burnley, as he suggested, he might have found the audience more supportive, but that’s becasue it’s one of the small minority of areas of the country where his party have had any electoral success. Question Time is a national programme, so having an audience with such a high proportion of BNP supporters, not at all reflecting the rest of the country, would have been the type of extreme bias the BBC strives to avoid. As with certain other obnoxious minority organisations, the BNP and its followers like to delude themselves that everyone in the country shares their view. However, outside of their meetings and online discussion forums, this is simply a fantasy. Apparently, after the show, the Question Time website was flooded with support for Nick Griffin. This is hardly surprising. No doubt they were mobilised by websites, forums and messages, and encouraged to write in support of their leader. Again, they do like to delude themselves and say, “Look, everyone agrees with us!”

As for the questions, these are always chosen by the Question Time studio audience. If this time the audience wanted most of the questions to be about the BNP and its policies, it isn’t the programme’s producers’ place to prevent that. If the programme wasn’t a genuine Question Time, that’s because one if its panellists wasn’t a genuine politician, and the audience knew that.

Various and figures and statistics will now be twisted to suit the agenda of whoever is writing about them. The BNP will claim they gained extra members. Others will claim it was a disaster for them. I can’t really see that it will do the BNP any good in electoral terms. Eight million people watched, but that means the majority of people didn’t. So who did watch? Probably people who either support the BNP already, or who totally oppose what they stand for and wanted to see Griffin made a fool of. Even if some of the former group have now decided to join the BNP, they would have voted for them anyway. As for all the working-class people in places such a Burnley, they probably have little interest in politics, so will have been among the 40 million or so adults who didn’t watch. So their votes won’t have been influenced at all.

In conclusion, I don’t think this programme will have much effect on people’s voting either way. A more serious issue is that more people are voting for the BNP (in most cases, uninformed people who don’t watch Question Time) simply because they are disillusioned with the mainstream parties. Some of the senior politicians, in particular in the Labour Party, should try concentrating their energies into doing something about this, rather than protesting about a TV programme. That’s the real way to beat the BNP.

Back in 2005, Google had to rename their Gmail service in the UK to “Google Mail” after losing a trademark dispute. All pages were rebranded with the new Google Mail logo, and every single reference in text on the website was also changed to Google Mail. Any new users in the UK signing up were allocated @googlemail.com addresses instead of @gmail.com (this is the address that messages are sent out with, although all users can actually receive e-mail at either domain).

One side effect was that, becasue the new name was longer, taskbar icons or web browser tabs displaying the Google Mail inbox often could no longer fit in both the name and the number of new messages, making it impossible to see when new messages arrived. (A recent “Google Labs” feature to switch the order of the window title fixed this.)

Yesterday, I noticed that the logo had changed back to Gmail, and that all references in text have changed back to Gmail too. However, I couldn’t find any news story or even blog post commenting on this change. I seem to remember some time ago, there was a brief period one day where my mail account showed Gmail again, but it soon reverted to Google Mail. But when it still said Gmail today, I thought it might be a permanent change.

Unfortunately, I’ve just tried the sign-up page, and it’s still branded with “Google Mail” and offers @googlemail.com addresses. So either the name change is a glitch (seeing as Gmail’s had quite a few of those recently) or else it has only happened for those of us who obtained Gmail addresses before the change in 2005.

I much prefer the Gmail logo, rather than the rather more cumbersome Google Mail one. Also, it would be better if British users could use the same name to refer to the service as everyone else in the world (with the exception of other countries such as Germany where there are similar trademark issues).

So I’d be interested to hear from any Gmail users in the UK: have you noticed a change back to Gmail, and do you have an @googlemail or @gmail address?